https://medlabwiki.com/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Electrolytes 2026-05-30T21:37:02Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.45.3 https://medlabwiki.com/index.php?title=Electrolytes&diff=160&oldid=prev 2025-02-05T17:27:36Z

<p>Created page with &quot;Electrolytes are ions (charged particles) that are found within various parts of the body. They are responsible for a variety of processes in the body, including metabolism. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, bicarbonate, and various metallic ions. == Functions of Electrolytes == == Common Electrolytes == === Sodium === Sodium is absorbed by the small intestine, and primarily excreted by the kidneys. Its functions include: *...&quot;</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>Electrolytes are ions (charged particles) that are found within various parts of the body. They are responsible for a variety of processes in the body, including metabolism. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, bicarbonate, and various metallic ions.<br /> <br /> == Functions of Electrolytes ==<br /> <br /> == Common Electrolytes ==<br /> <br /> === Sodium ===<br /> Sodium is absorbed by the small intestine, and primarily excreted by the kidneys. Its functions include:<br /> <br /> * Maintaining osmotic strength of plasma<br /> * Maintaining homeostasis by ion exchange<br /> * Maintaining cell membrane permeability<br /> * Acting as an impulse transmitter (nerves and muscles)<br /> <br /> ==== Hyponatremia ====<br /> Causes various symptoms depending on serum levels. These include, GI symptoms, nausea, vomiting, weakness, headache, confusion/impairment, seizures, and coma. Low sodium levels can cause water to move into cellular compartments to maintain homeostasis, which can affect the CNS.<br /> <br /> Pseudohyponatremia can be caused by sample hemolysis.<br /> <br /> * Caused by loss of sodium from plasma, or excess gain of water<br /> ** Renal sodium loss<br /> *** Low aldosterone (adrenal insufficiency) = Addison&#039;s disease<br /> *** Diuretics (increase urine excretion)<br /> *** Increased vasopressin/ADH/AVP = Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)<br /> *** Kidney diseases<br /> **** Polycystic kidney disease<br /> **** Nephritis<br /> *** Low serum potassium<br /> **** Kidneys exchange sodium to conserve potassium<br /> ** Extrarenal loss<br /> *** Sweating<br /> *** Mal-absorption<br /> *** Vomiting or diarrhea<br /> *** Burns<br /> ** Increased water retention/intake<br /> <br /> ==== Hypernatremia ====<br /> Hyperosmolar state with increased sodium. Can cause altered mental status, confusion, seizures, and coma.<br /> <br /> * Excessive water loss/dehydration relative to sodium loss<br /> * Sodium gain<br /> * Decreased sodium excretion<br /> ** Hyperaldosteronism, IV therapy, Cushing&#039;s syndrome<br /> * Salt ingestion<br /> <br /> === Potassium ===<br /> <br /> === Chloride ===<br /> <br /> === Bicarbonate ===</div>

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