List of Stains - Revision history

Admin at 23:14, 23 April 2024

2024-04-23T23:14:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:14, 23 April 2024
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	\|Pigment Stain for Calcium		\|Pigment Stain for Calcium

	* ~~Ions~~ bound to calcium (phosphates, carbonates, etc.)		* Stains ions bound to calcium (phosphates, carbonates, etc.)
	\|		\|
	* Mineralized bone and urates: <span style="color:Maroon;">'''dark brown'''</span> '''/black'''		* Mineralized bone and urates: <span style="color:Maroon;">'''dark brown'''</span> '''/black'''

Admin: /* Summary of Silver Staining Methods */

2024-04-23T23:13:54Z

Summary of Silver Staining Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:13, 23 April 2024
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	! colspan="3" \|Argentaffin Methods*		! colspan="3" \|Argentaffin Methods*
	!Argyophillic Methods		!Argyophillic Methods
	!		!Metallic Substitution
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Stain'''		\|'''Stain'''
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	\|'''Masson Fontana (MF)'''		\|'''Masson Fontana (MF)'''
	\|'''Gordon & Sweet's Reticulin (GSR)'''		\|'''Gordon & Sweet's Reticulin (GSR)'''
	\|		\|'''Von Kossa (VK)'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Oxidation'''		\|'''Oxidation'''
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	\|Fontana ammoniacal silver		\|Fontana ammoniacal silver
	\|		\|
	\|		\|Silver nitrate
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Reduction'''		\|'''Reduction'''
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	\| colspan="3" \|		\| colspan="3" \|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|Light or hydroquinone
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Toning'''		\|'''Toning'''
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	\|Sodium thiosulphate (hypo)		\|Sodium thiosulphate (hypo)
	\|		\|
	\|		\|Sodium thiosulphate (hypo)
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Counterstain'''		\|'''Counterstain'''
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	\|LG or NFR		\|LG or NFR
	\|		\|
	\|		\|LG, NFR, or van Gieson
	\|}		\|}

Admin at 23:10, 23 April 2024

2024-04-23T23:10:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:10, 23 April 2024
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	* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)		* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)
	\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)		\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)
	'''Need 4 ~~Slides~~ to confirm Melanin!'''		'''Need 4 slides to confirm Melanin!'''

	* Pos QC		* Pos QC
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	* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)		* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)
	\|'''Positive:''' any calcified tissue (e.g., bone)		\|'''Positive:''' any calcified tissue (e.g., bone)
			Can be used as negative control for:

			* Osteoid
			* Urates (use LiCO3)
			* Calcium (use HCl)

			'''Need 4 slides for Ca neg control'''

			* VK
			* VK+HCl (neg)
			* Pos QC
			* Neg QC
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Jones Methenamine Silver Staining\|Jones Methenamine Silver]]		\|[[Jones Methenamine Silver Staining\|Jones Methenamine Silver]]

Admin at 23:02, 23 April 2024

2024-04-23T23:02:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:02, 23 April 2024
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	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Von Kossa Staining\|Von Kossa]]		\|[[Von Kossa Staining\|Von Kossa]]
	\|Pigment Stain		\|Pigment Stain for Calcium

	* ~~Calcium~~		* Ions bound to calcium (phosphates, carbonates, etc.)
	\|		\|
	* Mineralized bone and urates: <span style="color:Maroon;">'''dark brown'''</span> '''/black'''		* Mineralized bone and urates: <span style="color:Maroon;">'''dark brown'''</span> '''/black'''

Admin: /* Summary of Silver Staining Methods */

2024-04-23T22:48:47Z

Summary of Silver Staining Methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 23 April 2024
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	==== Types of Stains ====		==== Types of Stains ====

			==== Mechanisms of Staining ====
	* Ionic bonding		* Ionic bonding
	* Hydrogen bonding		* Hydrogen bonding
	* Histochemical		* Histochemical
			** Use a non-coloured substance to produce a coloured, non-diffusable end-product in the tissue
			*Silver Staining
			**Argentaffin metallic impregnation
			**Argyophillic metallic impregnation

	==== Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques ====		==== Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques ====
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	# Harris Hematoxylin (nuclear)		# Harris Hematoxylin (nuclear)
	# Eosin Y (cytoplasm)		# Eosin Y (cytoplasm)
	\|~~Harris Hematoxylin~~		\|
	Acid Alcohol		* Acid Alcohol
	Scott's tap water substitute		* Scott's tap water substitute
	~~Eosin Y~~
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	* Fungi		* Fungi
			* Protozoa, encapsulated bacteria, fungal-like bacteria
	\|Microorganism Stain		\|Microorganism Stain

	* Fungi: '''black''' <span style="color:gray;">''' (with paler internal structures)'''</span>		* Fungi: '''black''' <span style="color:gray;">''' (with paler internal structures)'''</span>
	* Background: <span style="color:LimeGreen;">'''light green'''</span>		* Background: <span style="color:LimeGreen;">'''light green'''</span>
	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation ~~(induced)~~		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation

			* Induced - over-oxidizes everything except fungal walls
	\|		\|
	# Methenamine silver nitrate		# Methenamine silver nitrate
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	* Melanin		* Melanin
	* Argentaffin granules		* Argentaffin granules
			* Neurosecretory granules
	\|		\|
	* Melanin: '''black'''		* Melanin: '''black'''
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	* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)		* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)
	\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)		\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)
	~~Can repeat with bleached slides~~ to confirm ~~presence of~~ melanin		'''Need 4 Slides to confirm Melanin!'''

			* Pos QC
			* Neg QC
			* Unbleached patient
			* Bleached patient (melanin removed)
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Von Kossa Staining\|Von Kossa]]		\|[[Von Kossa Staining\|Von Kossa]]
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	* Affects specificity		* Affects specificity
	\|Chromic acid		\|Chromic acid

			* Aldehyde groups
	\|Periodic acid		\|Periodic acid

			*
	\|Gram's iodine		\|Gram's iodine

			* Phenolic ring
	\|		\|
	\|		\|

Admin: Added summary of silver staining methods

2024-04-23T21:05:31Z

Added summary of silver staining methods

@@ Line 310: / Line 310: @@
 |'''Positive:''' tissue with mast cells (skin, small intestines)
 |}
 ==== Summary of Immunohistochemistry Techniques ====

Admin: /* Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques */

2024-04-23T19:21:16Z

Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:21, 23 April 2024
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	\|Ionic bonding		\|Ionic bonding
	\|		\|
			# Crystal violet
			# Safranin
	\|		\|
			* Lugol's iodine (mordant)
			* Acetone alcohol (decolourizer)
	\|'''Positive:''' appendix, any tissues containing bacteria		\|'''Positive:''' appendix, any tissues containing bacteria
	\|-		\|-
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	\|Ionic bonding		\|Ionic bonding
	\|		\|
			# Carbol fuchsin (basic fuchsin + alcohol + 5% phenol)
			# Methylene blue
	\|		\|
			* Acid alcohol (decolourizer)
	\|'''Positive:''' any tissue with acid fast bacteria (e.g., ''M. tuberculosis'')		\|'''Positive:''' any tissue with acid fast bacteria (e.g., ''M. tuberculosis'')
	\|-		\|-
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	# Nuclear fast red or light green		# Nuclear fast red or light green
	\|		\|
	* ~~Iodine~~ (oxidizer)		* Gram's iodine (oxidizer)

	* Sodium thiosulphate (bleach)		* Sodium thiosulphate (bleach)

Admin: /* Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques */

2024-04-23T19:19:02Z

Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:19, 23 April 2024
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	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation (induced)		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation (induced)
	\|		\|
			# Methenamine silver nitrate
			# Light green or nuclear fast red
	\|		\|
			* Chromic acid (oxidizer)
			* Sodium bisulphite (bleach)
			* Gold chloride (toner)
			* Sodium thiosulphate (fixative)
	\|'''Positive:''' any tissue with fungi		\|'''Positive:''' any tissue with fungi
	\|-		\|-
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	\|Histochemical		\|Histochemical
	\|		\|
			# Perl's solution (HCl + potassium ferrocyanide)
			# Nuclear fast red or neutral red or safranin
	\|		\|
	\|'''Positive:''' spleen, bone marrow, liver		\|'''Positive:''' spleen, bone marrow, liver
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	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation
	\|		\|
			# Fontana's ammoniacal silver
			# Nuclear fast red or light green
	\|		\|
			* Iodine (oxidizer)

			* Sodium thiosulphate (bleach)
			* Gold chloride (toner)
			* Sodium thiosulphate (fixation)
	\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)		\|'''Positive:''' skin (melanin), small intestine (argentaffin granules)
	Can repeat with bleached slides to confirm presence of melanin		Can repeat with bleached slides to confirm presence of melanin

Admin: /* Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques */

2024-04-23T18:42:11Z

Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:42, 23 April 2024
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	* Calcium		* Calcium
	\|		\|
	* Mineralized bone and urates: '''dark brown/black'''		* Mineralized bone and urates: <span style="color:Maroon;">'''dark brown'''</span> '''/black'''
	* Non-mineralized tissue: varies by counterstain		* Non-mineralized tissue: varies by counterstain
	** '''Red (NFR)'''		** <span style="color:Red;">'''Red (NFR)'''</span>
	\|Metallic substitution - silver impregnation		\|Metallic substitution - silver impregnation
	\|		\|
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	* Glomerular basement membrane: '''black'''		* Glomerular basement membrane: '''black'''
	* Other tissue: varies		* Other tissue: varies
	** '''Green (LG)'''		** <span style="color:LimeGreen;">'''Green (LG)'''</span>
	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation
	\|		\|
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	* Mast cells		* Mast cells
	\|		\|
	* Metachromatic granules: '''red/pink/purple'''		* Metachromatic granules: <span style="color:Purple;">'''red/pink/purple'''</span>
	* Nuclei and other components: varies		* Nuclei and other components: varies
	** '''Blue''' ~~(TB)~~		** <span style="color:DodgerBlue;">'''Blue (TB)'''</span>
	** '''Colourless~~'''~~ (1% acetic acid)		** <span style="color:Silver;">'''Colourless (1% acetic acid)'''</span>
	\|Metachromasia and hydrogen bonding		\|Metachromasia and hydrogen bonding
	\|		\|

Admin: /* Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques */

2024-04-23T18:38:26Z

Summary of Conventional Staining Techniques

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:38, 23 April 2024
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	* Identifying triglycerides, lipids, and lipoproteins		* Identifying triglycerides, lipids, and lipoproteins
	\|		\|
	* Fats: '''red'''		* Fats: <span style="color:Red;">'''red'''</span>
	\|Selective solubility		\|Selective solubility
	\|		\|
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	\|Microorganism Stain		\|Microorganism Stain

	* Acid fast: <span style="color:~~DeepPink~~;">'''pink'''</span>		* Acid fast: <span style="color:Magenta;">'''pink'''</span>
	* Non-acid fast & background: <span style="color:DodgerBlue;">'''blue/pale blue'''</span>		* Non-acid fast & background: <span style="color:DodgerBlue;">'''blue/pale blue'''</span>
	\|Ionic bonding		\|Ionic bonding
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	\|Microorganism Stain		\|Microorganism Stain

	* Fungi: '''black (with paler internal structures)'''		* Fungi: '''black''' <span style="color:gray;">''' (with paler internal structures)'''</span>
	* Background: '''light green'''		* Background: <span style="color:LimeGreen;">'''light green'''</span>
	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation (induced)		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation (induced)
	\|		\|
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	* Asbestos bodies		* Asbestos bodies
	\|		\|
	* Iron: '''blue'''		* Iron: <span style="color:DodgerBlue;">'''blue'''</span>
	* Nucleus: '''red'''		* Nucleus: <span style="color:Red;">'''red'''</span>
	* Cytoplasm: '''pink'''		* Cytoplasm: <span style="color:Magenta;">'''pink'''</span>
	\|Histochemical		\|Histochemical
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	* Melanin: '''black'''		* Melanin: '''black'''
	* Nuclei: '''pink/red'''		* Nuclei: <span style="color:MediumVioletRed;">'''pink/red'''</span>
	* Other tissue: '''pale pink-brown/colourless'''		* Other tissue: <span style="color:Plum;">'''pale pink/brown'''</span> <span style="color:Silver;">'''/colourless'''</span>
	\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation		\|Argentaffin metallic impregnation
	\|		\|